Oilfield water injection refers to the use of injection wells to inject water into the reservoir to supplement and maintain reservoir pressure. After the oilfield is put into development, with the increase of mining time, the energy of the oil reservoir itself will be continuously consumed, making the pressure of the oil reservoir continuously decrease. The direct consequence of the pressure drop in the reservoir is that the production of the well is greatly reduced, and even stoppage of production may occur. A large amount of dead oil cannot be mined, resulting in waste of the oil field. Well, when the oilfield flooding is facing this kind of difficulty, it can ensure the high and stable production of the oilfield. It is the use of water injected into the space hollowed out in oil wells to replace crude oil and make up the ground. This method can guarantee a certain production pressure of the oil field, and at the same time ensure the long-term stability of the oil field and high production efficiency.
According to the position of the injection wells in the reservoir and the relationship between the injection wells and the production wells, we put the following three types of water injection in the oilfields:
(1) The edge of the water injection, divided into the outer water injection, the edge of the water injection and water injection.
(2) Cutting water injection.
(3) The area is filled with water, which is divided into five-point water injection, seven-point water injection, seven-point water injection, four-point water injection, and nine-point water injection.
According to the size of water injection pressure, it can be divided into normal pressure water injection, high pressure water injection and ultra high pressure water injection. The pressure of the normal pressure water injection line is 18MPa, the high pressure water injection pressure range is 31-35MPa, and the ultrahigh pressure water injection pressure is as high as 50MPa.
Oil field water injection strives to achieve two goals: enough water and good water. Enough water means that the injection and production balance must be achieved to maintain the formation pressure. The injection of good water means that under long-term water injection development conditions, the injected water will not have a significant impact on the permeability of the reservoir and its heterogeneity, so as to increase the water flooding efficiency of the reservoir and the extent of oil reserves utilization.
Correct and efficient injection of oil in oilfields can increase the efficiency of oil wells and achieve rational use of resources. However, improper oilfield water injection can also lead to corrosion of surface engineering equipment, shorten the service life of water injection equipment, or incompatible injection water. Causes swelling of clay minerals in sensitive reservoirs, precipitates and damages the reservoir. Therefore, the correct utilization of oilfield water injection is the key to solving the problem of dead oil utilization in major oil fields.
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