In 2015, the average fuel consumption requirement of passenger cars in China fell to 6.9 liters/100 kilometers, and enterprises exceeding the standard may face six punitive measures such as stopping the declaration of new products, stopping cross-class production, and expanding production capacity approval.
Under pressure doubled, companies need to find a breakout path.
There is no doubt that the dieselization, supercharging, electrification and hybridization of power plants will be paid more and more attention by car companies.
Dieselization
The diesel engine has high thermal efficiency, good power and high fuel economy. The energy conversion rate is as high as 45%, which is superior to the gasoline engine. The diesel engine with the same displacement can save more than 30% of the gasoline engine, which greatly reduces the cost of the vehicle.
Because of this, diesel cars have been welcomed by consumers in Europe, and they often occupy half of the new car sales. In some countries, diesel cars account for as much as 70%.
However, diesel cars that are popular in Europe are only a beautiful legend because of the high sulfur content of diesel oil in the market and the frequent shortage of diesel fuel and diesel engine technology.
Not only that, but also due to concerns that the emissions of particulate matter and nitrogen oxides from diesel cars are seriously exceeded, many cities in China clearly do not welcome diesel cars. For example, Beijing has said that it is not necessary to develop light-duty diesel vehicles under the third, fourth and fifth stage emission standards. Whether it is possible to develop light-duty diesel vehicles when implementing the sixth-stage emission standards around 2016 is still to be demonstrated. Diesel vehicles that emit nitrogen oxides and particulate matter about 3.3 times higher than the standard gasoline vehicles of the same stage can be replaced by gasoline vehicles.
However, due to the weakening of oil products and technical constraints, diesel cars can achieve both environmentally friendly fish and bear's paw while saving energy.
At the beginning of last year, the State Council executive meeting has explicitly requested the AQSIQ and the National Standards Committee to issue the fourth phase of the fourth-stage vehicle diesel with a sulfur content of not more than 50 ppm and the fifth phase of the fifth-class vehicle diesel with a sulfur content of not more than 10 ppm. The fifth phase of the national gasoline standard for motor vehicles, starting from 2015 and 2018, has fully implemented the national four-steam diesel standard and the national five-steam diesel standard.
The application of a large number of advanced technologies such as electronically controlled injection, combustion optimization, and exhaust gas recirculation, the harmful emissions, noise and vibration of diesel cars are greatly reduced.
The universal supply of low-sulfur high-quality diesel and advances in diesel engine technology will enable energy-saving, environmentally-friendly and efficient diesel cars to usher in unprecedented development opportunities.
In this regard, even the luxury brand passenger cars of multinational giants are planning to take the diesel road to meet China's stringent fuel consumption requirements.
Supercharged
Turbocharging technology delivers more power at lower fuel consumption, helping to miniaturize engine emissions.
This technology provides more combustion air for the cylinders, and the combustion is more complete and thorough. In the context of constant engine displacement, the vehicle's power is greatly improved, making the turbocharged engine of the same power more natural. The gas engine is more fuel efficient. When the turbocharger is combined with the direct injection technology in the cylinder, it is more effective, and the fuel saving effect is more obvious.
Moreover, due to the characteristics of the turbocharged engine in the middle and high speed, it is deeply loved by the owners who pursue speed and control. As a result, even luxury car manufacturers that have never been turbocharged and are not particularly cold have begun to turn to turbocharged models.
Turbocharging technology enables the engine to be efficient and energy efficient, resulting in low fuel consumption and high power. The "pony" that does not lose money can pull the "big car".
It can be expected that under the limit of the average fuel consumption of passenger cars in China, the models of "power and fuel economy" equipped with small-displacement turbocharged engines will also appear, causing a popular trend.
For example, Haima Motors said it will focus on developing turbocharged engines and launching 10 new models in 2016 to reduce fuel consumption through small displacement high-power engines. This is undoubtedly a good match for the development trend of the passenger car will match the T-power, and now the hippocampus S5 is equipped with the self-developed VIS variable intake system, VVT valve variable due to the use of S-Power power technology. Timing system and E-GAS electronic throttle's 1.6-liter 90KW 160Nm HMA GN16-VF1 all-aluminum engine greatly improve the accuracy of intake control and combustion efficiency, effectively improving the power output at different speeds while reducing fuel consumption. The fuel consumption per 100 kilometers is only 7.3 liters. The emergence of the future T-powered models will definitely make the hippocampus even more powerful.
Electrification
The tilt of the pure electric vehicle accounting method will directly reduce the overall average fuel consumption of the vehicle enterprises.
The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Commerce and other five departments jointly issued the "Measurement Method for the Average Fuel Consumption of Passenger Vehicle Enterprises" on March 20, 2013, clearly stipulates: "Pure electric passenger vehicles, fuel cells The actual value of the fuel consumption of the plug-in hybrid passenger car with the driving range of 50 km and above in the comprehensive working condition of the vehicle and the pure electric drive mode is calculated by zero, and is counted in the accounting base by 5 times. And; the actual value of fuel consumption is lower than 2.8L / 100Km (including) models (excluding pure electric, fuel cell passenger cars), according to the sum of the accounting base of three times the amount.
The subsequent "Notice on Continued Promotion and Application of New Energy Vehicles" revealed the idea of ​​promoting the electrification of vehicles. It is stipulated that for pure electric passenger vehicles, the subsidy will be RMB 3.5-60,000 per vehicle according to the driving range. For fuel cell passenger cars, each subsidy is 200,000 yuan.
Under the continuous promotion of policies, the enthusiasm of car companies to develop pure electric vehicles has been greatly mobilized.
In 2013, China sold 14,604 pure electric vehicles and 3,038 plug-in hybrid vehicles, a significant increase from 2012 (11,375 pure electric vehicles and 1,416 hybrid electric vehicles).
Pure electric passenger cars and fuel cell passenger cars achieve zero emissions. When using renewable energy sources such as wind energy, solar energy, and geothermal energy, it is a green model. Moreover, under unified management, pure electric passenger cars can make full use of "valley electricity" at part of the night time to contribute to reducing environmental pollution.
Plug-in hybrid vehicles can travel in pure electric mode on urban roads, which is significant for reducing pollution in the core area.
In order to reduce the average fuel consumption, the electrification of passenger cars will become faster and faster.
Hybridization
Fuel cells and pure electric power are called the most practical energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies because of their immature technology, high cost, imperfect supporting facilities, and “not far from thirst.â€
Hybrid models also have small internal combustion engines and drive motors. At the start and acceleration, thanks to the assistance of the drive motor, fuel economy can be achieved by up to 40%.
T10 (TOP10), the "Electric Vehicle Industry Alliance" jointly established by China's ten large auto companies, believes that hybrid power is an insurmountable stage of new energy vehicles. In its energy-saving and new-energy vehicle development strategy, it puts forward: "The traditional automobile energy-saving and new energy vehicle coordinated development strategy, the new energy vehicle industrialization needs a set of 'gradual route' with emphasis on hybrid vehicles."
The weak hybrid vehicle with idle start-stop technology has broad application prospects, and its cost is only 3,000-5,000 yuan more than the average model, but it can save up to 15% of fuel and greatly reduce the emission of pollutants such as PM2.5 and CO. .
Under the guidance of the policy, vigorously developing hybrid models, rushing to launch corresponding products, accelerating market introduction and marketing efforts, has become the consensus of many car companies.
The "Capacity Consumption Limits for Passenger Cars" stipulates that the average fuel consumption of passenger cars produced in China will fall to 6.9L/100Km by 2015 and further to 5.0L/100Km by 2020.
The goal is tightened year by year, and the company needs to successfully cross the threshold of assessment. Fortunately, all roads lead to Rome, and companies can survive from multiple breakouts...
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