2=SimSun1 angle reducer development research 1.1 The characteristics required for the lesson are small. Since the transmission is driven by a wheel, its axial dimensions are strictly limited. According to its ability comparison, the size of the imported reducer is only 23.
Ability to fire. Although the size is small, the transmission power is large, and there should be 13 overload capacity. That is, when a set of the drive unit fails, the remaining set can smoothly pull the ladle car out of the molten steel treatment station.
Guaranteed life. The working condition of the ladle car is short-term intermittent small stroke with two-way work of retreating and retreating, and the life of the reducer should be greater than or equal to 8 years.
Interchangeability. According to user requirements, it should be interchangeable with the introduced reducer when in use. Therefore, it is required to have the dimensional fit of the external dimensions to be fully integrated with the introduction of the reducer.
1.2 Program Analysis 1.2. Tuning, research data collection The user provided the relevant information of the device, gave the basic requirements of the transmission device, and the size limit, etc., which created the basic conditions for the development and design.
A sample of the NGWS planetary reducer was collected from a domestic factory.
This is a request, but the output is cylindrical and the extension of the cylinder is different from the requirements of this lesson. The machine features long-term continuous working system design, the design life is large, the size is large, the weight is also large; the inner ring gear is used for floating; the base installation method is also different from the development requirements.
A sample of the German 5, metric 1 three-angle reducer used by the 2æ±1 device was collected by the user, which is the prototype of the development. The machine is small in size and light in weight; there is no floating part equalizer; the output end of the bevel gear input is flanged and a floating seal is used.
1.2.2 Transmission type combination According to the imported prototype analysis, the first stage is the 90-phase intersecting shaft, and the first stage is the planetary gear transmission.
The diameter of the gear is about the towel 60, so the linear speed of the bevel gear is about 2.5, so it is not necessary to use a helical gear or a helical bevel gear, and a straight bevel gear can be used.
For grade planetary gear transmissions, it is advisable to use involute cylindrical spur gears, which can be manufactured with proven technology. If a cycloidal pin wheel or a planetary gear with few teeth difference is used, its manufacturing inspection requires special equipment or high manufacturing precision. This development uses the former.
Therefore, the transmission type developed by the present invention is determined as the angle of intersection of the spur gears of the stepped gears, and the stages and stages are all involute spur gear planetary gears.
1.2.3 Restrictions on the structural scheme Since the input shaft diameter is 445, considering the bearing installation and positioning requirements, the large-circle pitch diameter of the small bevel gear should be 60.
Considering the structural limitation of the connecting flange of the separation box, the large bevel gear has a large pitch diameter of 180.
The diameter of the outer casing of the planetary transmission is only 250, so the diameter of the inner ring gear has a diameter of 200, and the diameter of the outer planetary gear is only 330. Therefore, the inner ring gear of the planetary gear is small, and the size of the planetary gear Pitch diameter +75, stage planetary wheel pitch diameter 衾495.1.2.4 Transmission speed ratio scheme is determined according to the total reduction ratio = 79.6 and structural constraints, five schemes are proposed for comparison, from which structural design and strength calculation are preferred. Summary of program data 1. Drive Jane 1.
Passing the first action target level program level round and diameter mountain out big gear number 22 inner wheel and diameter mountain vice speed ratio sun gear tooth 2 series and diameter 2 round 1 star tooth 2 26 cone number and diameter mountain 2 Internal ring gear B 59 rounds and diameter 2, speed ratio modulus called series and diameter mountain 3 round planetary gear teeth 3 cone number and diameter ratio 3 teeth internal ring gear number and diameter also 5 speed ratio total speed ratio 1.3 Structural design The structure of the machine is characterized by its compact size and small size. In addition to the radial size limitation discussed above, the axial dimension is also very compact. In particular, the axial dimension of the bevel gear pair and the stage carrier is small, and the structure is designed. Brought a lot of difficulties. The structure design of the machine is introduced as follows. 1.3. Bevel gear sub-support structure design The input shaft end of the original prototype is small and long, the diameter is 45, and the length is 152. In use, it is nested at its root. =65.5 padding glycoside, the actual use length is only 86.5. This design cancels the pad, the body cover is long, so that the length of the shaft end is 87, which not only simplifies the structure, but also improves the cantilever support condition of the bevel pinion shaft. Strengthen the rigidity of the transmission. Of course, the weight of the whole machine has increased.
The bevel gear is made into a bevel gear shaft because of the small diameter of the big end. The cantilever support structure has a bearing pitch equal to the pitch circle diameter, which increases the rigidity. Adopted, cup bearing housing for easy installation and adjustment.
The large cone says that the wheel adopts a double-point simple support structure to increase its stability and carrying capacity. For ease of adjustment, the bevel gear is pre-installed on the support end cover and then loaded into the body. To this end, the distal bearing uses a separate roller bearing, which only bears radial force. At the proximal end, a double-centered radial thrust ball bearing is adopted, that is, it is subjected to two-way axial force and is subjected to radial force. The axial dimension of the bearing is small, 33.3, which is smaller than the double tapered roller bearing 5=46 and the two radial thrust ball bearings 5=221=42, so that the axial structural size is satisfied.
The size of the bevel gear structure guarantees independence and can be assembled separately in the body cover for commissioning and then assembled as a component on the body, simplifying assembly and commissioning.
1.3.2 Planetary transmission's load-carrying mechanism structure design In the planetary gear transmission, due to the manufacturing and assembly errors, the planetary gear teeth are not balanced enough. Therefore, the load-carrying mechanism must be adopted. Otherwise, the accuracy should be greatly improved. manufacturing cost. This machine uses a load sharing mechanism. Detailed 3.
Due to the small size of the housing, it is not possible to use the inner ring gear to float. Since the spherical roller bearing cannot be installed because the diameter of the planetary wheel is small, it is not possible to adopt a scheme without unnecessary constraints. This machine adopts the stage planetary carrier and the stage sun wheel simultaneous floating scheme.
In the floating structure of the sun wheel, due to the axial size limitation, it is impossible to arrange the internal and external gear couplings with large axial dimensions, so only the internal teeth can be used, and the external gear coupling is connected. Within the limited radial and axial dimensions, the machine successfully completed the most compact structure to meet the need for a balanced load.
1.3.3 Inner ring gear structure The inner ring gear should be inlaid for material saving, but the structure is not allowed in the radial direction. Therefore, the machine adopts two internal ring gear scoop bodies to form the body structure, which satisfies the requirements. Assembly size requirements can also save the joint space required for multiple sections of the body.
1.3.4 Angle shifting gears with equal strength Due to the compact structure requirements, the machine uses a smaller sun gear. In order to improve the contact strength of the tooth surface and the bending strength of the root, the measure of the increase in the load capacity of the root and the tooth surface is increased by 21.0. 2 = 0.5, port 1 simplifies the calculation of the gear setting. Its meshing angle, 2=256,=25 not only improves the load carrying capacity and life of the transmission, but also enables the transmission to obtain a floating seal with a minimum of 1.3.5 output shaft. This machine adopts a floating seal with good sealing and waterproof performance, which can be effective. Prevent water and dust from invading the body. This structure is widely used in construction machinery. Due to the small diameter of the standard sealing ring, the machine has designed a medium-diameter floating seal for its own purpose.
1.3.6 Simplification of the assembly type The structure of the machine skillfully designes the body cover into a left-right symmetrical type, and the left and right assembly is universal. Due to the upper ventilation, the thread size of the fuel filler port and the lower oil drain plug, it is only necessary to install the ventilation and the oil drain plug according to the left and right type requirements. If the left type is changed to the right type, it is convenient to interchange the two pieces, which reduces the assembly work.
1.4 Gear precision selection and gear calculation and analysis 1.4.1 Accuracy grade Considering the strength requirement and the possible economic type of the process, the sun gear and the six planetary gears are hard tooth surfaces, which need to be ground, so it is taken as 6-level precision. The rest are taken as 7 levels of precision.
1.4.2 Calculation and analysis For the spur gear in planetary transmission, the gear simplification calculation method 0806388 is used for rough calculation of strength, and the structural size is determined. For the straight bevel gear, the bevel gear bearing capacity calculation method 081006288 is used to calculate the involute cylindrical gear bearing. The ability calculation method, 8448093, carries out accurate check of the tooth surface fatigue contact strength and the root fatigue bending strength; the calculation program fully considers the short-term intermittent characteristics of the actual working of the reducer.
The strength calculation results are evaluated by the safety factor, and the machine calculates the reliability coefficient, 132. This safety factor value guarantees the failure rate, that is, the 0.99 2 conclusion. Through the user's actual use assessment for many years, the various indicators of the machine reach the level of foreign prototypes, which can completely replace the import and fill the domestic empty door 41.
At the same time, it saved foreign exchange for the country.
Compared with the domestic series of products, the machine has a shape size of about 70 and a weight of about 50 when the transmission torque is similar.
The contact fatigue strength safety factor of the gear. 125, bending fatigue strength safety factor 2. are relatively safe. The working life can be guaranteed to be more than 2000 hours, which is about 8 years.
Since we have mastered the theory of development and design calculation of compact planetary reducer with large size and small transmission torque, we have gained a solid experience in designing various ladle transmissions. The specific products can be used not only in the orange refining equipment of the steel industry, but also in the track drive of construction machinery. And you can form a product line based on this lesson to meet market needs.
21 Jiang Genghua. Mechanical Transmission Design Manual. Beijing Machinery Industry Press.
3 mechanical design manual book. Beijing Chemical Industry Press.
4RH multi-function vacuum refining technology acceptance data compilation. Wuhan Iron and Steel Group Corporation.
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