During the energy saving week, the reporters interviewed Li Yongwu, president of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association, on how to fulfill the energy saving goals of the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period and to assume the important task of producing energy and saving energy.
Reporter: Please talk about the significance and importance of energy conservation for the petroleum and chemical industries.
Li Yongwu: For the oil and chemical industries, energy is both a fuel, a power, and a raw material for production. Therefore, the petroleum and chemical industries are big consumers of energy. Each year, energy consumption accounts for about 17% of the country's total consumption. In the chemical product cost, the energy cost accounts for a large proportion, the general product accounts for about 20% to 30%, and the high energy consumption product can reach 60% to 70%. In 2004, China’s petroleum and chemical industries consumed 279.218 million tons of standard coal. Among them, the consumption of energy in the chemical industry is 213,441,000 tons; the consumption of energy in the oil and natural gas extraction industry is 36,277,000 tons; the consumption of energy in the petroleum processing industry is 30.6 million tons. China's oil and chemical industry has an added value of 764.65 billion yuan, and the industrial added value energy consumption is 3.65 tons of standard coal per million yuan. Therefore, energy and consumption reduction in the petroleum and chemical industries is of special significance. Energy conservation is not only of great importance to the petroleum and chemical industries, but energy conservation and consumption reduction are also the only way for the sustainable development of the petroleum and chemical industries.
Reporter: According to statistics, China's overall energy efficiency is about 33%, which is about 10% lower than that of developed countries. What are the gaps in our energy saving?
Li Yongwu: As the energy consumption structure of the chemical industry in China is dominated by coal and coke, compared with the energy structure dominated by petroleum and natural gas in the chemical industry of developed countries, the energy consumed is low-quality energy, and the overall level of energy efficiency is still low. Low, there is a large gap between the macro and foreign countries, the structural contradictions are more prominent, and the adjustment tasks are arduous. The main performance is that the company is small and scattered, with low concentration, and it is difficult to form economies of scale. At present, 95% of SMEs are in the chemical industry, and many devices do not reach the economic scale. For example, the average size of caustic soda plant is less than 30,000 tons/year, while the average size of the United States is 580,000 tons/year. The average size of domestic PVC resin production enterprises is 25,000 tons/year, while that of developed countries is generally between 150,000 and 200,000 tons/year, and the largest one is 635 thousand tons/year.
Secondly, chemical products are not adaptable to the rapid development of market changes in terms of variety and quality. The product structure is irrationally concentrated in the following: high proportion of high-consumption, rough-processing, and low-value-added products, while the proportion of high-end new products is relatively low. On the one hand, the total amount has been oversupply, excess production capacity, and many products on the other hand. And a lot of imports. Our output value is greater than many countries, but it is at the expense of high energy consumption. People are engaged in high value-added products, and their output value is low in energy consumption. This is the gap.
Reporter: The “Energy-saving Medium- and Long-term Special Plan†announced in 2005 plans to save 38 million tons of oil during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. What kind of efforts are needed to accomplish this goal?
Li Yongwu: I think we should start with the following four aspects:
First, it is necessary to actively promote the key energy-saving projects related to petroleum and chemical industry, such as conservation and replacement of oil, cogeneration, and waste heat utilization, and actively promote the significance and prospect of saving water and saving raw materials. In the whole industry, an atmosphere and actions that everyone cares about energy saving, attaching importance to energy saving, and participating in energy conservation are set off.
Second, organize and coordinate industry professional associations (such as nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, calcium carbide, rubber, chlor-alkali, soda ash, inorganic salts, etc.) and related energy conservation organizations (chemical energy conservation associations), and select and promote energy-saving production processes and energy-saving equipment in the industry. product. According to the requirements of the National Standards Commission, the “Catalogue of Energy-saving Products†was launched as soon as possible in the chemical industry, and mandatory and forward-looking energy efficiency standards were formulated and implemented to expedite the establishment and improvement of energy-saving laws and regulations with the “Energy Conservation Law†as the core.
Third, actively promote energy efficiency theory and establish a reward and punishment mechanism for energy use as soon as possible. Industry associations cooperate with relevant national functional departments to establish industry energy supervision and management mechanisms. Gradually establish and improve industrial energy use standards, encourage the adoption of energy-saving technologies and products, and reduce energy and resource consumption. Through the petrochemical energy conservation certification system, we recommend and implement the policy of discriminating preferential prices for electricity, water, and raw materials used by high-energy-consuming enterprises so as to encourage energy saving and consumption reduction, and change the universal energy use system from the policy. Limiting effect.
Fourth, actively using the influence and organizational capabilities of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association, it is recommended that relevant national competent authorities and relevant domestic and foreign institutions establish national debt projects, special loans and funds specifically targeting China's oil and chemical industry for energy conservation and emission reduction. Small and medium-sized enterprises develop new technologies and equipments that will improve their competitiveness and integrate energy conservation and emission reduction.
Reporter: What specific measures have been taken recently by the Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association in energy conservation?
Li Yongwu: First of all, in the calcium carbide and chemical fertilizer industries, the accounting and reduction of tons of energy consumption (electricity, water, and raw materials) are carried out. Encourage companies to adopt energy-saving measures to reduce consumption. Adopting the means of energy-saving certification of products, the products that are lower than the national or industrial energy-using standards shall be certified and recognized, and the “Energy-saving Products†logo shall be awarded and listed in the “Energy-saving Product Catalogâ€.
Second, the Association cooperated with the China System Engineering Association and related universities (such as Tsinghua and South China University of Technology) to promote and implement technologies such as fertilizer, chlor-alkali, soda ash, inorganic salt, rubber, yellow phosphorus, and other energy technologies.
Third, from the perspective of saving and replacing oil and improving the fuel efficiency of motor vehicles, we actively promote alcohol ether fuels. We must organize scientific and technological research to achieve non-food law production of ethanol. At the same time, attention should be paid to the possibility of using dimethyl ether as a civilian fuel and replacing diesel.
Fourth, starting from the perspective of reducing tail gas pollution in Beijing and improving fuel efficiency, the Association will promote cooperation with the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games to promote the pilot work of industrialization of new fuels containing alcohol fuel in Beijing and focus on solving more than 2 million in Beijing. Vehicle emissions pollution reduction and control issues. The Association of Alcohol Fuels and Alcohol Ether Cleaning Expert Committee will support the technology.
Reporter: Please talk about the significance and importance of energy conservation for the petroleum and chemical industries.
Li Yongwu: For the oil and chemical industries, energy is both a fuel, a power, and a raw material for production. Therefore, the petroleum and chemical industries are big consumers of energy. Each year, energy consumption accounts for about 17% of the country's total consumption. In the chemical product cost, the energy cost accounts for a large proportion, the general product accounts for about 20% to 30%, and the high energy consumption product can reach 60% to 70%. In 2004, China’s petroleum and chemical industries consumed 279.218 million tons of standard coal. Among them, the consumption of energy in the chemical industry is 213,441,000 tons; the consumption of energy in the oil and natural gas extraction industry is 36,277,000 tons; the consumption of energy in the petroleum processing industry is 30.6 million tons. China's oil and chemical industry has an added value of 764.65 billion yuan, and the industrial added value energy consumption is 3.65 tons of standard coal per million yuan. Therefore, energy and consumption reduction in the petroleum and chemical industries is of special significance. Energy conservation is not only of great importance to the petroleum and chemical industries, but energy conservation and consumption reduction are also the only way for the sustainable development of the petroleum and chemical industries.
Reporter: According to statistics, China's overall energy efficiency is about 33%, which is about 10% lower than that of developed countries. What are the gaps in our energy saving?
Li Yongwu: As the energy consumption structure of the chemical industry in China is dominated by coal and coke, compared with the energy structure dominated by petroleum and natural gas in the chemical industry of developed countries, the energy consumed is low-quality energy, and the overall level of energy efficiency is still low. Low, there is a large gap between the macro and foreign countries, the structural contradictions are more prominent, and the adjustment tasks are arduous. The main performance is that the company is small and scattered, with low concentration, and it is difficult to form economies of scale. At present, 95% of SMEs are in the chemical industry, and many devices do not reach the economic scale. For example, the average size of caustic soda plant is less than 30,000 tons/year, while the average size of the United States is 580,000 tons/year. The average size of domestic PVC resin production enterprises is 25,000 tons/year, while that of developed countries is generally between 150,000 and 200,000 tons/year, and the largest one is 635 thousand tons/year.
Secondly, chemical products are not adaptable to the rapid development of market changes in terms of variety and quality. The product structure is irrationally concentrated in the following: high proportion of high-consumption, rough-processing, and low-value-added products, while the proportion of high-end new products is relatively low. On the one hand, the total amount has been oversupply, excess production capacity, and many products on the other hand. And a lot of imports. Our output value is greater than many countries, but it is at the expense of high energy consumption. People are engaged in high value-added products, and their output value is low in energy consumption. This is the gap.
Reporter: The “Energy-saving Medium- and Long-term Special Plan†announced in 2005 plans to save 38 million tons of oil during the “Eleventh Five-Year Plan†period. What kind of efforts are needed to accomplish this goal?
Li Yongwu: I think we should start with the following four aspects:
First, it is necessary to actively promote the key energy-saving projects related to petroleum and chemical industry, such as conservation and replacement of oil, cogeneration, and waste heat utilization, and actively promote the significance and prospect of saving water and saving raw materials. In the whole industry, an atmosphere and actions that everyone cares about energy saving, attaching importance to energy saving, and participating in energy conservation are set off.
Second, organize and coordinate industry professional associations (such as nitrogen fertilizers, phosphate fertilizers, calcium carbide, rubber, chlor-alkali, soda ash, inorganic salts, etc.) and related energy conservation organizations (chemical energy conservation associations), and select and promote energy-saving production processes and energy-saving equipment in the industry. product. According to the requirements of the National Standards Commission, the “Catalogue of Energy-saving Products†was launched as soon as possible in the chemical industry, and mandatory and forward-looking energy efficiency standards were formulated and implemented to expedite the establishment and improvement of energy-saving laws and regulations with the “Energy Conservation Law†as the core.
Third, actively promote energy efficiency theory and establish a reward and punishment mechanism for energy use as soon as possible. Industry associations cooperate with relevant national functional departments to establish industry energy supervision and management mechanisms. Gradually establish and improve industrial energy use standards, encourage the adoption of energy-saving technologies and products, and reduce energy and resource consumption. Through the petrochemical energy conservation certification system, we recommend and implement the policy of discriminating preferential prices for electricity, water, and raw materials used by high-energy-consuming enterprises so as to encourage energy saving and consumption reduction, and change the universal energy use system from the policy. Limiting effect.
Fourth, actively using the influence and organizational capabilities of the China Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association, it is recommended that relevant national competent authorities and relevant domestic and foreign institutions establish national debt projects, special loans and funds specifically targeting China's oil and chemical industry for energy conservation and emission reduction. Small and medium-sized enterprises develop new technologies and equipments that will improve their competitiveness and integrate energy conservation and emission reduction.
Reporter: What specific measures have been taken recently by the Petroleum and Chemical Industry Association in energy conservation?
Li Yongwu: First of all, in the calcium carbide and chemical fertilizer industries, the accounting and reduction of tons of energy consumption (electricity, water, and raw materials) are carried out. Encourage companies to adopt energy-saving measures to reduce consumption. Adopting the means of energy-saving certification of products, the products that are lower than the national or industrial energy-using standards shall be certified and recognized, and the “Energy-saving Products†logo shall be awarded and listed in the “Energy-saving Product Catalogâ€.
Second, the Association cooperated with the China System Engineering Association and related universities (such as Tsinghua and South China University of Technology) to promote and implement technologies such as fertilizer, chlor-alkali, soda ash, inorganic salt, rubber, yellow phosphorus, and other energy technologies.
Third, from the perspective of saving and replacing oil and improving the fuel efficiency of motor vehicles, we actively promote alcohol ether fuels. We must organize scientific and technological research to achieve non-food law production of ethanol. At the same time, attention should be paid to the possibility of using dimethyl ether as a civilian fuel and replacing diesel.
Fourth, starting from the perspective of reducing tail gas pollution in Beijing and improving fuel efficiency, the Association will promote cooperation with the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games to promote the pilot work of industrialization of new fuels containing alcohol fuel in Beijing and focus on solving more than 2 million in Beijing. Vehicle emissions pollution reduction and control issues. The Association of Alcohol Fuels and Alcohol Ether Cleaning Expert Committee will support the technology.