China's special car market is a blue ocean
Type: reproduced Source: Sohu blog Author: Yang Shun again the world specialized vehicles (including a variety of modified vehicles, special vehicles) in the automotive industry occupies a pivotal position. The economic benefits under the development of the automobile industry are not just the automobile itself, but are concentrated in the entire process of the use and circulation of automobiles. With the development of the automobile industry, it is inevitably the development of the automobile transportation industry. As the social division of labor becomes more and more detailed, the requirements for transportation efficiency and economy, as well as various functions and performances of automobiles have become higher and higher, thus making the development of automobile transportation tools an inevitable trend.
In 1989, the term "special car" in China has already established the corresponding standard - terms and definitions for ZBT50004-89 special vehicles. The ZBT50004-89 standard defines domestically-built special-purpose vehicles as: “There are special equipments for installations, and there are special functions and garbage trucks for automobile and automobile trains that undertake special transportation tasks or special operations.â€
The difference between a special-purpose car and an ordinary car is mainly the modification of the upper part with special functions, which can accomplish certain special transportation and operation functions. Therefore, in design, in addition to meeting the performance requirements of the basic car, it must meet the requirements of the special function, which formed its own characteristics.
Special-purpose vehicles are an important part of the automobile industry. They originate from the needs of military modified vehicles. Special-purpose vehicles can be divided into box cars, tank cars, lifting and lifting cars, storage-type cars, special-purpose vehicles, and special dump trucks. These kinds. Special vehicles are divided into six categories: van cars, tank cars, special dump trucks, overweight lift cars, warehouse gate cars, and special-structure vehicles. According to the China Automotive Engineering Society, they are respectively defined as 1, van cars: An integral closed-structure carriage with an independent closed-structure carriage or integrated with the cab, equipped with special facilities for carrying people, cargo, or specialized vehicles and trains for special operations 2. Tank cars: Devices with cans -shaped containers, and usually with a working pump for transporting liquids, gases or powdered substances, as well as dedicated cars and car trains for specific tasks;
3, special dump truck: equipped with a hydraulic lifting mechanism driven by its own engine, can remove the car or make the car tank tilt a certain angle, the goods can rely on their own weight to unload their own special car; overweight lifting car - with Cage-type cage and fence-type carriages for special vehicles and trains used to transport bulk grain foods, livestock and poultry, etc.
4. Special-purpose vehicles: Vehicles with special bodywork on the chassis of ordinary cars are called special-purpose vehicles (special-purpose vehicles). They have special structures such as truss-shaped structures and flat-plate structures, and special trains for cars and cars. It includes ambulances, promotional vehicles, and postal cars; the vehicles with special structures made specifically for the use of special operating surfaces are called special vehicles (special vehicles) such as tracked vehicles, agricultural vehicles, and overweight vehicles. Each of the above-mentioned special-purpose vehicles consists of many special vehicles with different functions and different structures.
In order to achieve different purposes, general purpose vehicles are equipped with appropriate work equipment such as sales vehicles, garbage trucks, sweepers, sprinklers, environmental protection monitoring vehicles, cement mixers, truck cranes, power station trucks, and repair vehicles. , Exploratory Vehicles, Reservoir Fracturing Vehicles, Scientific Investigation Vehicles, Police Cars, Fire Engines, Aircraft Tractors, Refuelling Vehicles, Rechargeable Vehicles, Air Compressors, Ambulances, Medical Facilities, Books, TV, Posts, Telecommunications And snow removal vehicles, refrigerated trucks, powder material vehicles, wreckers.
The carriages of general purpose vehicles used for transportation are of the box type, tank type, self-dumping type, bin type, grille type, and truss type, and can transport goods of different natures, states and requirements, such as: liquid, gaseous and bulk. Powdery or granular solids, such as animals; livestock, poultry and fresh fish and other animals; require insulation, preservation, refrigerated goods; highly toxic, flammable and explosive dangerous goods.
The application and development of China's special-purpose vehicles began in the 1980s and is more than 30 years later than that of developed countries. However, in the new millennium, China’s special-purpose vehicles have developed rapidly and have become important transportation and operation equipment in economic construction. In particular, with the rapid development of China’s road and railway construction and road transport industry, the pace of urbanization has accelerated, and the integrated application of mechanical, electronic, hydraulic, automatic control, and GPS technologies on special-purpose vehicles has greatly improved the technology of specialized vehicles. With the content and added value of products, the broad market prospects of China's special-purpose auto industry will become increasingly prominent in the next few years.
At present, the amount of special-purpose vehicle ownership in developed countries already accounts for more than 80% of the total load of trucks, while China still remains at the 25% level. At present, the market share of China's special-purpose vehicles accounts for 40% of all trucks, and it is still far behind the market share of more than 70% of special-purpose vehicles in developed countries. The number of domestic special-purpose vehicles is about a thousand, and special-purpose vehicles have accounted for more than 30% of the annual output of commercial vehicles. The gap in the level of product technology, varieties, and R&D capabilities between enterprises and developed countries has further narrowed.
In recent years, China’s special-purpose vehicles have shown a trend toward vanity, heavy-duty, intelligence, gentrification, and multi-polarity, among which the performance is quite obvious: the general cargo transport box, the special-purpose vehicle transport heavy, and the train , Specialization in the transportation of goods: The development of special-purpose vehicles has been rapid. For example, construction vehicles represented by concrete mixer trucks and concrete pump trucks and urban sanitation vehicles represented by sweepers and compressed garbage trucks have developed rapidly.
However, as a whole, China's special vehicles are still quite different from European, American, Japanese and Korean in terms of product structure and model, mainly due to the lack of motivation to design models based on different uses, and lack of R&D institutions. In addition, the overall level of key parts for special installation is not high, such as hydraulic parts, pumps, valves, control instruments, etc., which do not reach a high level of technology and still need to be imported. Undoubtedly, this restricts the development of high-level special-purpose vehicles. At the same time, the homogeneity of China's special-purpose vehicles is very serious, and products vary widely, which is very different from that of developed countries. This has greatly constrained the development of China's special-purpose vehicles.
While our country has a vast territory and the division of labor is becoming more and more detailed, the modern logistics between cities in the future is mainly reflected in professional transportation. Therefore, the special vehicle in China is a blue ocean market, and its potential is unpredictable.
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