Extraction of copper from ammonium ammonium salt solution

Although in the ammonia solution may be an acidic metal ions generally extractant gold, but at such a high extractant dissolved PH value big loss. The free ammonia concentration in the solution is very low at pH < 7, and the extraction reaction is similar to that in a general salt solution. As the pH increases, the extraction rate increases. However, after pH>7, as the pH increases, the free NH _{3 in the} solution increases, and the copper ions gradually form an ammonia complex, and the extractable free Cu ²⁺ concentration decreases. As the NH ₃ extracted into the organic phase increases, the extractant dissolved in the aqueous phase also increases. These factors are not conducive to the extraction of copper.
The extractant can be used to extract copper from ammonia solution, but the selectivity to copper at high pH is lower than at low pH. LIX64N extracts quickly under ammonia conditions, and the load is higher than that under acidic conditions.

The Î²-diketone LIX54 has many industrial applications, especially the extraction of copper from the circuit board ammonia etching solution, and the electrowinning of sulfuric acid after stripping, which has become a mature industrial process. The extraction performance of LIX54 is shown in the figure below. Recently, it was reported that during the industrial operation of LIX54, one of the ketone groups reacted with ammonia to form ketoimine, == C == N-H, and the manufacturer is studying an improved route ^[1] .

references:
1. Kordosky, GA, Proc. ISEC 2002, Ed. Sole KC et al., South Africa Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Johannesburg, 2002, 360-365

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