The principle and detailed description of infrared spectroscopy instrument

Infrared spectroscopy is closely related to the structure of molecules and is an effective means to characterize the molecular structure. Compared with other methods, infrared spectroscopy is an accepted analytical tool because it has no restrictions on the sample. In many aspects such as molecular configuration and conformational research, chemistry, physics, energy, materials, astronomy, meteorology, remote sensing, environment, geology, biology, medicine, medicine, agriculture, food, forensic identification, and industrial process control. Has a very wide range of applications.

Infrared spectroscopy can study the molecular structure and chemical bond, the measurement of the thermometry such as the force constant and molecular symmetry, etc. The use of infrared spectroscopy can determine the bond length and bond angle of the molecule, and from this speculates the three-dimensional configuration of the molecule. Based on the obtained force constant, the strength of the chemical bond can be inferred, and the thermodynamic function can be calculated from the normal frequency. The frequency bands of certain groups or chemical bonds in the molecule in the different compounds are basically fixed or only change in the small band, so many organic functional groups such as methyl, methylene, carbonyl, cyano, Hydroxy groups, amine groups, etc. all have characteristic absorptions in the infrared spectrum. By means of infrared spectroscopy, one can determine which organic functional groups are present in the unknown sample, which lays the foundation for the final determination of the chemical structure of the unknown.

Due to intramolecular and intermolecular interactions, the characteristic frequency of organic functional groups can change subtly due to the different chemical environments in which the functional groups are located. This creates conditions for the study of intramolecular and intermolecular interactions.

Many normal vibrations of molecules in the low-wavenumber region often involve all atoms in the molecule. The vibrational modes of different molecules are different from each other. The lx-101 white light illuminometer makes the infrared spectrum have the characteristic of fingerprint-like height, which is called fingerprint area. Using this feature, people collected the infrared spectra of thousands of known compounds and stored them in computers and compiled a spectrum library of infrared spectra.

One simply needs to compare the infrared spectrum of the measured unknown with the spectrum in the standard library to quickly determine the composition of the unknown compound.

The development of contemporary infrared spectroscopy technology has made the significance of infrared spectroscopy far beyond the stage of simply performing routine tests on the sample and thus inferring the composition of the compound. Infrared spectrometers are used in conjunction with many other testing methods to derive many new molecular spectroscopy fields. For example, the combination of chromatography technology and infrared spectrometers has created opportunities for deepening the understanding of the chemical structure of various components in complex mixtures; the use of infrared spectrometers Microscopic methods combine to form infrared imaging technology for the study of the morphological structure of heterogeneous systems. The principle and selection of infrared thermometers is due to the fact that infrared spectroscopy can use its characteristic spectral bands to effectively distinguish different compounds, which makes this method have other The method is difficult to match the chemical contrast.