The 21st century manufacturing environment has forced companies to increase the responsiveness of factories and equipment to the market to gain market competitive advantage. To this end, a new manufacturing model has been proposed, a reconfigurable manufacturing system that can reorganize or change its own components, and quickly adjust production capacity and functions to adapt to the new production environment. The report, which identifies reconfigurable manufacturing systems as one of the priority areas, shows that reconfigurability will be one of the core competencies that must be in place in future manufacturing systems. For a manufacturing system, to meet system reconfiguration requirements Its subsystems or components should have reconfiguration capabilities. Therefore, as a key component of the manufacturing system, the CNC system must also have the ability to reconstruct. From the perspective of refactoring, it is possible to quickly adjust the control capability by reorganizing or changing its own components. The numerical control system to meet the needs of the overall reconstruction of the manufacturing system is called the reconfigurable numerical control system. In the research of the reconfigurable numerical control system, the main method of adopting software at home and abroad is 5 with high integration, high speed and hardware reconstruction. The emergence of the field programmable logic device FPGA (Field Programmable Gates Array), using its construction of the CNC system Control core, and make full use of its hardware reconfigurability, can realize the reconstruction of CNC system functions, as well as remote upgrade and maintenance. This is a hardware implementation of reconfigurable CNC system. This paper mainly introduces the reconfigurable structure using FPGA. The method of the numerical control system and the software for realizing the reconfigurable numerical control system are 1 reconfigurable, mainly completing the Yblis simulation timing, and the method of constructing the reconfigurable numerical control system as shown in the FPGA. From the viewpoint of systematics, the individual composing the system necessarily includes the system commonality. Therefore, according to the definition of reconfigurable manufacturing system characteristics by MGMHERABI et al., the reconfigurable CNC system must also have the following characteristics: modular, integrateable, convertible, maintainable, and customizable. Can be well reflected in the modularization of the CNC system according to the function of the module division, and then use the hardware description language for logical description, made into a special CNC IP can be integrated to develop their own CNC IP and purchased from other IP suppliers Standard IP, using specialized integrated software integration CNC system description language support parameterization Design, as long as the module interface definition is open, you can also change the design by modifying the CNC IP and integrating different IPs, download different configuration data, so that it can meet the current processing requirements, and can also adapt to future processing requirements. Implemented in system programming and system refactoring, so you can upgrade your system and maintain locally or remotely by re-downloading configuration data. For devices with dynamic reconfigurability, this maintenance can also be done online.
It can be customized to use FPGA to construct the numerical control system to realize the customization of functions by cutting and reforming different IPs to meet specific requirements of the work, avoiding large and complete functions and redundancy.
The specific implementation of FPGA construction numerical control system 3.1 The economical reconfigurable numerical control system structure based on FPGA adopts FPGA-based development technology to carry out prototype development of an economical reconfigurable numerical control system. The system adopts single-chip microcomputer (MCS-51 series) to complete the pair. FPGA configuration and binary processing data transmission and reception, and use FPGA to construct CNC system core (as shown) CNC system core by extended DDA arc hard interpolator IP index acceleration and deceleration controller IP limit controller IP photoelectric encoder four Multiplier circuit IP data input interface IP, decoder IP, frequency divider IP and main controller IP (as shown), using approximately 50,000 gates of Altera's AcexlK series devices to achieve the entire system is open On the input and output interfaces, the hardware module fully considers the reconfigurability, and can reconstruct the FPGA by downloading different system configuration files to realize the control requirements for milling machines, lathes, grinding machines and drilling machines. The reconfigurable CNC system control core of FPGA construction 3.2 Development Example of Numerical Control IP In several numerical control IPs, it is especially important to extend the DDA hard circular interpolator IP, and there is also a design. The difficulty is fixed, therefore, the design of this IP will be mainly introduced below.
The extended DDA circular interpolation algorithm adopts a string to approximate the arc, which has high interpolation precision and interpolation speed, and has wide adaptability. The extended DDA circular interpolation is implemented by the FPGA device, and the hard interpolator is constructed, which not only performs fast, but also integrates well with the IP of the motion control part. The formula for extending the DDA circular interpolation is as follows: -y valley - The above impulsive formula is represented by hardware. The input interfaces of the hard interpolator are as follows: symbol FLAG, coordinate values ​​X and Y, right shift coefficient K, start control signal RST, loop control signal GOON, and operating frequency signal. CLK; output interface: axis displacement direction signals DIRX and DIRY, position increments DX and DY, and status feedback signal FIN-ISH; internal functional components mainly have PCs that generate instructions plus "1' register, right shift operator SHRS plus The comparator COM for auxiliary control and the addition and subtraction unit ALU can be seen from its structure that the hard interpolator is actually a reduced microprocessor. The microprocessor is compatible with a general-purpose processor. The difference is that there is no ROM and RAM, directly use the output of the PC plus "1" register to complete the addressing of the instruction and the addressing of the register, which simplifies the processing process, because its operating frequency is the reference input of the FPGA device. Frequency, therefore, the processor can achieve very high computing speed. Its an interpolation cycle of 4 summarizing extended DDA arc hard interpolator schematic unified standard CNC program burning female æ æ bookmark3 system parameters manual configuration I grinder CNC system! Drilling machine CNC system 1 lathe CNC system milling machine CNC system configuration DIP switch system I open interface CNC system from closed structure to open structure, the current forward reconfigurable structure development with microelectronics continue to smaller size, more High-speed and more economical development, as well as the improvement of electronic design automation, we can use the latest micro-electronic technology to transform and upgrade traditional industries. In view of this, this paper proposes a module that divides the functions of CNC system into standards, using hardware description. The language is designed into a special numerical control IP, and then integrated into a numerical control system through IP, using the configuration data downloaded to the FPGA to realize the reconstruction of the numerical control system and verifying the feasibility of the development with the prototype of the economical reconfigurable numerical control system. Practice has proved that the programmable logic device FPGA provides us with a solution to the CNC
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